HIV Prevention and Control in South Korea: Current Status and Social Reflections

South Korea recorded its first AIDS patient in 1985. The individual was diagnosed with HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) during a blood test while donating blood for a colleague. Remarkably, it is reported that he remained in good health after 40 years of receiving treatment.

In terms of epidemiological data, approximately 1,000 new HIV infections have been reported annually in South Korea over the past decade. As of 2023, there were 1,005 new cases, with around 80% of those infected aged between 20 and 40.

To address this issue, the South Korean government has implemented proactive measures. In a bid to prevent HIV transmission, it offers support to partners of HIV-positive individuals: 50% assistance for salaried workers and 85% for non-salaried individuals. Non-salaried beneficiaries are also eligible for medication prescriptions with a deductible of 60,000 won. Thanks to such government support, HIV-positive individuals face low out-of-pocket expenses for their treatment.

The history of HIV treatment dates back to 1987, when the first treatment was developed, and advancements in therapeutics have continued ever since. Today, treatment has become remarkably simple and safe, requiring just one daily pill to suppress the virus effectively.

Prevention efforts have also seen significant progress. On June 18, 2025, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved an HIV prevention drug developed by YesToGo. This vaccine is intended for adults and adolescents weighing over 35 kilograms, who can prevent HIV infection with an injection administered every six months.

This development brings promising news to diverse groups, including gay individuals, bisexuals, transvestites, tomboys, and others within the LGBT community, regardless of gender.

However, due to prevalent misconceptions and social stigma, many in these communities often avoid HIV testing and hospital visits, posing challenges to prevention and control efforts.

HIV (AIDS) is primarily transmitted through specific routes. With the availability of injectable preventive treatment, one can’t help but wonder if societal attitudes toward the LGBT community will improve. Ultimately, every individual should have the freedom to determine their own identity and lifestyle, and fostering a more inclusive society is crucial for effective HIV prevention and control.