Fig tree : one of the oldest cultivated plants

The fig is one of the first plants humans grew. It came from Asia Minor and thrives in warm, tropical areas. In its homeland, the fig grows into a large, spreading tree. However, in cooler areas, it takes the form of a tall bush instead.

Across the CIS, figs are grown in places like Central Asia and Ukraine. They also grow in the southern parts of Russia. Recently, gardeners in central Russia have started growing figs outdoors. They are seeing good results. Choosing hardy varieties and giving proper care are key to success.

The fig is a tree or bush that loses its leaves each year. It belongs to the Ficus family, which is part of the Mulberry family. It has other names, like fig tree and wine berry. It's also known as the fig tree from the Bible.

Figs can grow to be 26-39 feet tall in Asia Minor and Central Asia. They can also live for about 300 years. In Russia, figs grow in Crimea and the Kuban region.

Fig trees that grow as trees have trunks around 8 inches across. Their roots are strong, reaching over 20 feet deep and wide.

The fig has pretty, lobed leaves. Some people grow it just for these leaves. Fig trees start to bloom after two or three years. The plant has male and female flowers, but they are on separate trees. Wasps called blastophagas help pollinate the flowers in nature.

Most fig crops are parthenocarpic types. These can make fruit without pollination. So they have no seeds. But there are not many of these types. Usually, figs have many small seeds inside.

Fig fruits are round and a bit long at the top. They get juicy and sweet when ripe in October or November. They also turn a dark blue-gray color.

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