Early Miocene deposits on Rusinga Island (Lake Victoria, Kenya) contain an abundance of faunal and floral remains. Despite the attention that has historically been given to the early Miocene fauna from Rusinga Island, little attention has been given to the early Miocene fossil floras and to date no studies have described fossil leaf morphotypes from Rusinga Island.Rusinga Island resides on what was once the flank of the large carbonatite-nephelinite Kisingiri Volcano, which formed in the early Miocene in association with the failed Nyanza Rift. These Miocene deposits pre-date the formation of Lake Victoria.