What is a Load Resistor

A load resistor is a resistor used to simulate or represent the electrical load in a circuit. It is typically connected to the output of a power source or circuit to draw current and create a voltage drop, thereby allowing the circuit to operate as if it were connected to an actual device or system. Load resistors are essential in testing, measuring, and regulating the performance of power supplies, amplifiers, and signal outputs.

How Does a Load Resistor Work
A load resistor works by converting electrical energy into heat, creating a controlled voltage drop and limiting current in a circuit. It ensures stable operation for sensitive components like LEDs, transistors, and ICs by preventing overvoltage or excess current.

Typically placed at the output of a power source or circuit stage, a load resistor simulates real-world loads during testing or operation. While the term usually refers to a resistor, the concept of a load can include inductive or capacitive elements depending on the application.

Load resistors also help define output impedance and support power transfer efficiency. In general, a low-resistance load draws more current (heavy load), while a high-resistance load draws less (light load), directly affecting circuit behavior.

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