Mangifera indica fruit, known as mango, is considered as one of the best tropical fruits. Ethnobotanical studies indicated that the plant is widely used to treat diseases. M. indica has active substances in its composition with high therapeutic potential. This chapter highlights recent information on the botanical description and the traditional uses of the plant. The chapter also summarizes the phytochemicals previously isolated from the plant and their pharmacological activities. The reported pharmacological activities of M. indica include antioxidant, antitumor, immunomodulatory, antiallergic, antiinflammatory, antidiabetic, antiulcer, antiviral, antifungal, antibacterial, and antiparasitic properties, which may support the numerous traditional uses of the plant.