SLC22/WK4: Industrial Automation(PLC) and Electrical Motor Faults

Good evening fellow steemians , a happy Sunday to y'all, today I'll be participating on SLC22/WK4: Industrial Automation(PLC) and Electrical Motor Faults by @mahadisalim

What do you understand by industrial automation?

Industrial automation is the use of programmed systems, to handle industrial processes and machinery with a lesser human intervention. It helps to improve efficiency, reliability, safety, and production rates while reducing operational costs and human errors.

Industrial automation is can also be viewed as the use of sensors and other programmable tools to handle industrial machinery with less humans intervention. Industrial automation consist of some components like Programmable logic controllers , sensors and actuator, human machine interface, robotics, industrial Internet of things

Write about the importance of industrial automation during the Industrial Revolution.

When we talk of the importance of industrial automation during the industrial revolution we'll be considering the contribution it contributes .

For instances the uses of industrial automation will aids to reduces errors that's supposed to be carried out by humans. It reduces the stress and pressure that's to be put on humans, it less time consumption .with the use of industrial automation the work carried out will be more efficient,safe and reliable

Write the names and operations of various parts of a PLC with a picture.

• CPU : the cpu is refered to as tye central processing units which helps to process all inputs data or signals and also carry out programmed logic to the output devices

• Input modules : The input modules receive signals from sensor transmitters converting them into a data for the the central processing units to process.

• Output Modules : the output Modules send already processed signals from the CPU to motors, or other output devices.

• Power Supply : the power supply unit is responsibles for providing necessary voltage and power to the PLC and other modules.

• Communication modules : the communication modules helps in the transfer of signal through the PLC to the computer and other external systems

• I/O Devices : the I/O devices in two categories which are the input devices and the out put devices. The input devices consist of sensors , switch or button while the output devices consist of lights, relays, motors and alarm

Name five input and output electrical and electronics devices operated by PLC.

• Push Buttons : the push button is a manual manual switches to start or stop the PLC

• Limit Switches : the limit switch is used to detect the presence or position of an object in the PLC

• Proximity Sensors : the proximity sensors is enables the detection of objects without a direct contacts with the human (inductive or capacitive).

• Photoelectric Sensors : the photoelectric sensor are use light to detect objects or distances changes in light intensity and will sends a signal to the PLC.

• Temperature Sensors :the temperature sensors measure temperature for process control of the PLC.

• Valves : the valves in the enables the control flows of liquids,gases and other fluids in the PLC

• Motors : the motor is always a DC or AC motor which enables the mechanical drive operations in the PLC

• Relays : The delays helps in switching electrical circuits in the PLC

• Alarms and Buzzers : the alarms and buzzers indicate faults or critical conditions in the PLC

• Indicator Lamps : the indicator lamps help to show status like power, running, or fault states in the PLC

The power load for setting up an industry is assumed to be 10 MW. Five 5 kW and three 45 kW three-phase motors will be used in the production of the product. You are an electrician or electrical engineer in that company. Perform the following electrical works with responsibility:

Total power load for the industry = 10 MW = 10,000 kW

Transformer efficiency (assumed) = 95%

Required transformer rating:

Transformer capacity=load /efficiency
=10,000/0.95
=10,526 KVA ~10.53 MVA

• Rating: 11 kV / 415 V, 10.53 MVA
• Cooling Type: ONAN (Oil Natural Air Natural)
• Phase: Three-phase
• Frequency: 50 Hz
• Tapping Range: ±5% in 2.5% steps
• Impedance Voltage: ~6-8%
• Primary Voltage: 11 kV
• Secondary Voltage: 415 V
• Type:Outdoor Oil-immersed

• Contactors (K1)
• Overload relays
• Thermal overload relay
• Circuit breaker (5 kW rated)
• wires for 5 kW motor (size and type)
• Wire nuts for making connections
• Terminal blocks also used for connections

• 3-Pole MCCB – Rated for 45 kW motor current (~80 A).
• Three Contactors:
• Star-Delta Timer – Time delay for switching from star to delta.
• Thermal Overload Relay – Adjustable for 45 kW motor (~80 A).
• Push Buttons ,Green (Start), Red (Stop).
• Wires and Lugs Suitable for 45 kW motor current.

• 3-Pole MCCB – Rated for 15 kW motor current (~25 A).
• Two Contactors – For Forward (K1) and Reverse (K2)
• Interlocking Circuit
• Push Buttons
• Thermal Overload Relay – Adjustable for 15 kW motor (~25 A).
• Wires and Lugs – Suitable for 15 kW motor current.

Review the pictures of the motor checked with a multimeter in my lesson and write your opinion in your own words.

The motor isn't good because in the image you tested the motor with meter and got at first you got 13, 11 and 30 kilo ohms values. Then motors are considered good if the multimeter reading is between 0-10 ohms. So that's my review for the motor .

Thank you sir for the wonderful class of the week I'll be inviting some of my steemit friends to join this wonderful lesson, @jozzie90,@samuelnkenta,@bossj23