In recent weeks, several news and investigations related to natural disasters have come out, and Elon Musk has also come out talking about the end of life on Earth as a justification for his plans to colonize Mars, not to reach Mars and establish a Mars base, that is planned, it is something that has been planned for a long time, it is something that is wanted to be done, not only Elon Musk wants to do it, all the nations want to do it, for example, that are in the Artemis program and China also wants to do it.
Elon Musk was talking about the issue of the end of life on Earth to justify the creation of a human colony on Mars and other worlds, there will be one in the future, I think so, but perhaps he is rushing too much and the excuse he gave does not seem the most appropriate to me, but we are going in parts, we are going to start with the past.
We are going to start with the destruction of worlds in the past, but worlds in our solar system, Bennu is the second most dangerous for Earth, although there is no risk of impact at least in the next 100 years, the other is Apophis, NASA discovered on the asteroid Bennu that it contains clays that were formed in the presence of water and also thanks to the samples collected on the same asteroid and brought to Earth, it was confirmed through two investigations published at the end of January, on the 29th. January to be exact this year, that there were hydrated clay minerals, which suggests that Bennu was in contact with liquid water in the past and also found a total of 11 minerals in the Bennu samples that are also related to water and specifically to saline environments such as the sea.
And there is more, basic building blocks of DNA and RNA were found on the asteroid Benum, which are the molecules that store and transmit genetic information in living beings on Earth. These molecules or these basic building blocks can exist without life existing, they can be formed in the universe, but to do so they need very special and very specific conditions.
How is it possible, how is it possible that Ben, which is a medium-sized to small asteroid that is only 400 m in diameter, was in contact with salt water, sea water, it cannot maintain liquid water, not even on the surface, that would be crazy, not even inside Bennu, it is not big enough. How is it possible? There is only one explanation and that is that Bennu are the remains of a much larger object, one that did have liquid water, abundant liquid water, an ocean of liquid water, a salty environment similar to our seas and also where there was an abundance of elements in a dynamic environment, that is, where chemical elements could be combined to form those complex molecules and where they could have enough energy to transform into those building blocks of DNA and RNA.
Where Bennu comes from and what happened to it, until now we had a theory, but the latest discovery published a few days ago about the giant asteroid Vesta forces us to rethink history, perhaps the past history of the solar system is more complex than we want, it is more complicated.
We know that the solar system formed approximately 4.568 million years ago, from a cloud of gas and dust, it was
nursery of stars where not only the sun but many more stars were born, in those first initial million years hundreds of protoplanets were formed, which was the phase that an asteroid reaches when it achieves enough mass so that gravity begins to dominate it and then it becomes spherical and in addition the materials are organized inside, the heavier elements such as iron accumulate in the center, a center that also stores heat and may be in a state of molten metal.
This heat is due to the impacts during formation and because among the heavy elements that reach the core there are also radioactive elements such as uranium and plutonium, which due to pressure and the environment begin nuclear fission processes. The size of these planet embryos ranges from about 500 km in diameter, which is when it is more or less estimated that gravity begins to win the game like the size of our moon.
It is suspected with all the clues we have that the Earth, for example, suffered the impact of a planet the size of Mars, 50 or 60 million years after the formation of the Earth, a planet that was in the same orbit as the Earth, we have already found those planets that are in the same orbit, at least there is one case.
Uranus has its orbit upside down, it spins upside down because it received the impact of a planet that is at least the mass of the Earth and Jupiter, as big as it is, surely swallowed planets like someone eating pipes in a park, this is what happened during the first million years of the formation of the solar system, a chaos of destruction and planet formation.
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