SEC S20W3 || Morphological Anemias - Module 3

Hello steemians friends and family,

I am feeling honored while taking part in challenge that us really good because we should at least aware about the basics of haemoglobin and its deficiency in life.

Edited in collage

I will try to elaborate the topic in simple words so that it may become source of knowledge especially whose primary language is not English.

Moreover, I will put my own example in challenge as currently I am suffering with anemia due to not following supplement and diet plant as my pregnancy third trimester is there.

Define Morphological Anemia.

The study of red blood cells carries out under microscope based on the color, size or shape. Here I would try to explain it more why there are different classification and how I can differently study it.

Normally the classification based on size in which MCV or mean corpuscular volume is taken into considering.

The second important factor is size either its elliptocyte or spherocyte. Of course color is also important to be study that is MCH mean corpuscular hemoglobin and last factor is appeance of the cell either is normochrmoic or hypochromic.

Keeping above factors into considering the anemia may be classify as

• Normocytic Anemia
• Microcytic Anemia
• Macrocytic Anemia
• Dimorphic Anemia

Let's explain it little more.

• Normocytic Anemia

The type of anemia which look like normal in size but their number is less from requirements, there may different factors associated the primary may be blood loss, any chronic disorders in the body and sometimes their production is less in body due to any pathologcal disorder in the body.

• Microcytic Anemia

The Microcytic Anemia in which cell appeared in smaller size as compared to normal size and their color is also pale, its the indication of iron deficiency or any genetic disorder such as thalasmeia.

• Macrocytic Anemia

The red blood cells appear larger than normal size which is probably due to not maturation of red blood cells in bone marrow and sometimes due to lack of folic acid in the body.

• Dimorphic Anemia

In this case both types of cells are visible such as normal size and also abnormal size cells are present the blood.

Perhaps this study is important as its helpful in diagnosis and treatment of anemia timely in order to avoiding further complications.

Have you ever had anemia?

Its white unfortunately I am suffering from anemia perhaps for the very first time in my life and yeah definitely its my mistake due to workload I could not take care of myself in a better way.

Moreover I missed the supplements which was my need and my hemoglobin fall from normal range when I checked it doctor was bit angry because the delivery is very near and I have to move towards the venofar injections or transfusion.

• Hemoglobin: 9.9 gm/dL it should be atleast 12gm/dl to 14gm/dl for women.
• MCH: 23.9 g while its normal range should be 25g to 25 g its clear indicated that I have less folic acid in my body and blood cell size is larger than normal as its indica the macrocytic anemia.
• MCHC (Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration): 29 g/dL normal range is 31g/dL and 38 g/dL.
• MCV is 74.6fL the normal range is 75 to 100 fL.

If I study my case I am suffering from microcytic anemia probably hemoglobin is lower than normal moreover the MCHC is also lower than normal and MCV is also lower. This shows my body lack iron.

Although i can improve it soon if I am not pregnant. But as its the end of third trimester I have to move on external source for hemoglobin that is blood transfusion or venofar.

Pathophysiologically, what happens with anemia?

As in case of anemia there is reduced supply of oxygen to the body because less red blood cells in the body. Overall hemoglobin will be less in the body while it degraded fastly. It leads to impairment of the oxygen supply to the body and less oxygen will be available to the body.

As there is not sufficient number of Red blood cell production in the body, might be due to the hemolysis or the other factor which is more significant is the iron or folic acid deficiency in the body.

When above situation will persistent there us less oxygen available to the body and it exerts pressure to the heart for more work and overall body will shifted toward anaerobic metabolism.

The heart risk may increased as more oxygen demand and less availability the function of renal is also disturbing overall it leads the situations of tiredness and fatigued more.

Case Study: A woman arrives at the emergency room of the Ruiz y Páez Hospital Complex, unconscious and with signs of paleness. The doctor tells her to perform a complete hematology and an HCG. The results of the homology indicate hemoglobin 9 g/dl, MCV 71 fL, HCM 24 pg, CHCM 27 g/L and positive HCG. Classify the anemia morphologically and explain what you understood about the clinical case.

If i see the hematology of this woman.

She has hemoglobin 9 g/DL which below normal range of 11 to 14, MCV shows 71 fL which is again lower as it show be from 75 to 100 fL. MCH and MCHC value is also lower than normal range. Hence she is pregnant as Positive HCG.

Her hematology analysis shows me she us suffering from hypochromic microcytic anemia. As microcytic refers to smaller red blood cells than normal range. While we can say she is hypmorhic because the hemoglobin is lower in number making its color pale or decreased red color.

The CHCM 27 g/L is indicated the hyphocrmic while MCV 71fL showed the microcytic situations. It may further correlated as HCG is positive that is sign of pregnancy and she has iron deficiency.

Perhaps up to my knowledge she is patient of hypochromic microcytic anemia in the view of above suggested factors correlation. She has need of iron in diet or fortified food, supplements so that she may recover it soon.

Its all about my today's post.

I would like to invite my friends @jannat12, @m-fdo and @suboohi to take part in the challenge.