Review on Related Literature: Origin of Agriculture
Agriculture in History
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Agriculture, According to Gideon Ladizinsky in his work Plant Evolution under Domestication begin independently in different parts of the globe, with at least 11 separate regions of the Old and New World were involved as independent centers of origin and mentioned specifically the region of Southwest Asia[1]. Gordon V, Childe’s Man Makes Himself, supported this claim and thus emphasizes Southwest Asia provides the most complete data documenting the transition from extensive gathering of wild plants to cultivation domestication and finally to agricultural societies. He also pointed out from his perspective the original concept of the transition to food production as an economic ‘revolution’ which was basically the‘Neolithic Revolution’[2].
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Also a regional study had also been made that traces the origin of agriculture mentioning the first evidence of rice farming in Southeast Asia dates 10,000 years as it spreads from Yangtze River to Southern China.as written by Huw Barton and cited by Graeme Barker & Candice GoucherThe Cambridge World History, Volume 2: A World with Agriculture[3].
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Meanwhile The Cambridge World History, Volume 2: A World with Agriculture by Graeme Barker & Candice Goucher argued that Agriculture was the most essential development in world history and noted how food production to have been linked to important changes in landscape and population that significantly the factor on the rise of urbanism and increasing complexity[4]. While there had been several work on the transition from hunter-gatherer to agricultural societies like Jules Petty Sustainable Agriculture and Food in which he explains that hunter-gatherers who emerge 300 generation passed before agriculture emerged began to domesticate some wild plants and animals now wheat, rice, sorghum, barley, potato cassava and taro[5].
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While Peter Bellwood explained in his book First Islanders: Prehistory and Human Migration in Island Southeast Asia that in the Philippines, the Batanes islands, located in the Northern edge of the country near Taiwan have said to be occupied by human from 2000 BCE and rice cultivation can be an early practice[6]. Huw Barton in his accounts in Agriculture in Southeast Asia as cited in The Cambridge World History, Volume 2: A World with Agriculture concludes that the history of early agriculture in MSEA and ISEA are the product of complex flows of materials, people and ideas and has nothing to do with the Neolithic across the entire region.[7]
[Sources]
[1]Ladizinsky, G. Plant Evolution under Domestication. Springer (1998)
[2] Childe, G. Man Makes Himself. The New American Library (1983)
[3] Barton, H. Early Agriculture in Southeast Asia and the Pacific in the book The Cambridge World History, Volume 2: A World with Agriculture. Edited by Barker,G.&Goucher, C.417-120: Cambridge, The Cambridge University Press(2015)
[4] Barker, G. &Goucher, C. The Cambridge World History, Volume 2: A World with Agriculture. The Cambridge University Press(2015)
[5] Petty, J. Sustainable Agriculture and Food. Earthscan (2008)
[6] Bellwood, P. First Islanders: Prehistory and Human Migration in Island Southeast Asia.Wiley Blackwell.(2017)
[7]Barton, H. Early Agriculture in Southeast Asia and the Pacific in the book The Cambridge World History, Volume 2: A World with Agriculture. Edited by Barker,G.&Goucher, C.Pp.423: Cambridge, The Cambridge University Press(2015)
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