Independence Day in filipino, Araw ng Kasarinlan; also known as Araw ng Kalayaan, (or "Day of Freedom") is an annual national holiday in the Philippines observed on June 12, commemorating the independence of the Philippines from Spain.

History

The day of celebration of war and love varied throughout the nation's history.

Bonifacio wrote Viva la independencia Filipina! or Long Live Philippine independence on walls of the cave to express the goal of their secret society named Katipunan. Bonifacio also led the Cry of Pugad Lawin, which signals the beginning of Philippine Revolution. He led along side with members of Katipunan, they tore their community tax certificates (cedulas personales) in protest of Spanish conquest.

In year 1896, the Philippine Revolution began (in December 1897) the Pact of Biak-na-Bato, which is an agreement between the Spanish colonial government and the British Filipino revolutionaries: they established a truce. Emilio Aguinaldo and other revolutionary leaders went into exile in Hong Kong under in terms.

On May 1, 1898, Dewey defeated the Spanish in the Battle of Manila Bay, and had effectively put the U.S. in control of the Spanish colonial government. Later on the U.S. Navy transported Aguinaldo back to the Philippines.

By June 1898, Aguinaldo believed that a declaration of independence would inspire people to fight against the Spaniards, and at the same time the country will be recognize by its independence.

On June 5, 1898, Aguinaldo issued a decree setting aside June 12, 1898 as the day of the proclamation of independence. He led an which took place at his house in Cavite El Viejo. The Acta de la Proclamacion de la Independencia del Pueblo Filipino was solemnly read by its author, Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista, Aguinaldo's war counselor and special delegate. The 21-page declaration was signed by 98 Filipinos, appointed by Aguinaldo, and one retired American artillery officer, Colonel L.M. Johnson. The flag was officially unfurled for the first time at 4:20 p.m, as the Marcha Nacional Filipina was played by the band of San Francisco de Malabon.

The proclamation was first ratified on August 1, 1898 by 190 municipal presidents from the 16 provinces controlled by the revolutionary army. It was again ratified on September 29, 1898 by the Malolos Congress.

The Philippines failed to win international recognition of its independence, including the United States of America or Spain. The Spanish government later ceded the Philippine archipelago to the United States in the 1898 Treaty of Paris. The Philippines Revolutionary Government did not recognize the treaty and the two sides subsequently fought in what was known as the Philippine–American War.

On July 4,1946 United State of America granted the nation's independence through the Treaty of Manila.

On May 12, 1962, President Diosdado Macapagal issued Presidential Proclamation No. 28, which declared June 12 a special public holiday throughout the Philippines, "... in commemoration of our people's declaration of their inherent and inalienable right to freedom and independence."

On August 4, 1964, Republic Act No. 4166 renamed July 4 holiday as "Philippine Republic Day", proclaimed June 12 as "Philippine Independence Day", and enjoined all citizens of the Philippines to observe the latter with befitting rites.

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